WINTRON石英晶體WCU-302A30-20-EXT-012.000MHz生產工藝
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如何增加電機控制系統的價值
為什么選擇Abracon運輸和導航天線
專為GNSS、4G/LTE、Wi-Fi和AM/FM應用而設計
汽車級天線已成為運輸、導航和監控應用中不可或缺的組件。憑借IATF 16949認證、IP67等級和多功能設計，這些天線能夠承受惡劣的環境，同時提供可靠的連接。無論是在車隊管理、資產跟蹤還是遠程監控方面，它們對多頻段和定制選項的支持使其成為需要無縫無線通信的行業的不二之選。
彼得曼32.768K有源晶振的優勢，Time requirements in modern metering applications have massively increased in the last few years. The usual requirement in modern metering applications is a time offset of 1 hour after 7 years. It should also be possible for the operating temperature range of the application to comply with this value. 1 hour max. after 7 years corresponds to a frequency tolerance of ±16 ppm absolute at 32,768 kHz. It is no longer possible for conventional 32,768 kHz oscillating crystals to meet these requirements.
On the one hand, this is because 32,768 kHz are only available with a frequency tolerance of ±10ppm at +25°C, on the other hand, the temperature stability over a temperature range of -40/+85°C is more then -180 ppm. Moreover, ageing of approx. ±30 ppm after 10 years must be taken into account when calculating accuracy. In the worst case, a 32,768 kHz crystal has a maximum frequency stability of +40/-220 ppm (including adjustment at +25°C, temperature stability and ageing after 10 years). External circuit capacitance must be able to compensate any systematic frequency offset caused by the internal capacitance of the oscillator stage of the IC to be synchronised and by stray capacitance. The selection of a layout without external circuit capacitance for the 32,768 crystal involves a great risk because the accuracy of the 32,768 crystal can neither be corrected nor adjusted to suddenly changing PCB conditions during series production. Initially, the intersection angle for the 32,768 crystal was designed for optimal accuracy in wristwatches, and not for most of the applications for which it is used nowadays.
In order to meet the highly accurate time requirements, we as a clocking specialist offer the series ULPPO ultra low power 32,768 kHz oscillator. This oscillator can be operated with each voltage within a VDD range of 1.5 to 3.63 VDC. The specified current consumption is 0.99 µA. The temperature stability of ULPPOs is ±5 ppm over a temperature range of -40/+85°C. Frequency stability (delivery accuracy plus temperature stability) is ±10 ppm, and ageing after 20 years is ±2 ppm. Thus the maximum overall stability of ULPPOs is ±12 ppm including the ageing after 10 years. These are industry best parameters.
No external circuit capacitance is required for the circuiting of the ultra small housing (housing area: 1.2 mm2). The input stage of the IC installed in the ULPPO independently filters the supply voltage. Compared to crystals, ULPPOs save a lot of space on the printed circuit board so that the packing density can be increased, and smaller printed circuit boards can be designed. The adjustment of the amplitude further reduces the power consumption of the ULPPO.
For space calculations, both external circuit capacitances for a crystal on the printed circuit board must also be taken into account. With its two external circuit capacitances, even the smallest 32,768 kHz crystal requires more space on the PCB than ULPPOs do.
Moreover, very small 32,768 kHz crystals have very high resistances which usually cannot be safely overcome by the oscillator stages to be synchronised because the oscillator stages of the ICs or RTCs to be synchronised have very high tolerances as well. Therefore, sudden response time problems in the field might occur which can be ruled out with ULPPOs. Thus, the safe operation of the application is possible with ULPPOs under all circumstances.
Oscillator stages consume a lot of energy to keep a 32,768 crystal oscillating. Usually, the input stage of the MCU can be directly circuited with the LVCMOS signal of the ULPPO (usually Xin). Thus the input stage of the MCU can be deactivated (bypass function) so that the energy saved can be used for the calculation of the system power consumption of the meter. Moreover, ULPPOs are able to synchronise several ICs at a time. Due to the very high accuracy of the ULPPO, less time synchronisations are required, which also saves system power.
Of course, ULPPOs can be used in any applications which require miniaturised ultra low power 32,768 kHz oscillators such as smartphones, tablets, GPS, fitness watches, health and wellness applications, wireless keyboards, timing systems, timing applications, wearables, IoT, home automation, etc. Due to the high degree of accuracy of 32,768 kHz oscillators, the standby time or even the hypernation time in hypernation technology applications can be significantly increased so that a high amount of system power can be saved due to the significantly lower battery-intensive synchronisation cycles. Thus the 32,768 kHz oscillator is the better choice compared to 32,768 kHz crystals. Ultra low power 32,768 kHz oscillators are available with diverse accuracy variations – see also the ULPO-RB1 and -RB2 series.
不斷精進自我的優質制造商彼得曼公司，致力于開發大量高質量的產品，隨著近幾年來，現代計量應用的時間要求大幅提高?，F代計量應用的通常要求是7年后時間偏移1小時。應用的工作溫度范圍也應符合該值。最多1小時。7年后對應于32，768kHz下16ppm絕對值的頻率容差。傳統的32，768 kHz振蕩晶體不再可能滿足這些要求。彼得曼32.768K有源晶振的優勢.
一方面，這是因為32，768kHz僅在+25°C時具有10ppm的頻率容差，另一方面，在-40/+85°C溫度范圍內的溫度穩定性高于-180ppm。此外，老化約。計算精度時，必須考慮10年后的30ppm。最差情況下，32.768K有源晶振的最大頻率穩定性為+40/-220 ppm(包括+25°C時的調整、溫度穩定性和10年后的老化)。外部電路電容必須能夠補償由要同步的ic振蕩器級的內部電容和雜散電容引起的任何系統頻率偏移。為32，768晶振選擇無外部電路電容的布局包含很大的風險，因為在批量生產期間，32，768晶振的精度既不能校正也不能調整以適應突然變化的PCB條件。最初，32，768英寸晶體的交叉角度是為手表的最佳精度而設計的，而不是為如今使用它的大多數應用而設計的。
揭秘領先全球AEL水晶與Abracon之間的關系，Founded in 1960, the AEL Crystal brand offers a range of innovative timing and frequency components. AEL provides solutions across frequency control technologies including quartz crystals, oscillators, and resonators.
AEL水晶品牌成立于1960年，提供一系列創新的計時和頻率組件。AEL提供跨頻率控制技術的解決方案，包括壓電石英晶體、振蕩器和諧振器。
Abracon LLC(Abracon)宣布已完成對AEL晶體有限公司的收購，這是一家總部位于英國薩里的私營頻率控制供應商。
“我們很高興將這兩家頻率控制公司聯合在一起，因為我們增加了一個非常有知識的AEL團隊，增強了我們在歐洲市場的存在，”說邁克·卡拉布里亞，Abracon的總裁兼首席執行官。“Abracon的一個關鍵戰略目標是在歐洲建立一個帶有服務中心的硬站點。AEL的加入實現了這一目標，因為英國AEL公司總部將轉變為Abracon歐洲服務中心。
收購AEL晶體后，Abracon將能夠進一步擴大其頻率控制和定時設備組合，并擴大Abracon在歐洲市場的實體存在。將AEL的石英晶振產品系列整合到Abracon現有的產品組合中，將增強Abracon提供最新技術設計支持和全球供應鏈靈活性的能力，以解決客戶當今的獨特挑戰。
“我們AEL水晶有限公司很高興成為Abracon大家庭的一員加里·拉姆斯代爾，AEL董事總經理。“我們早就認識到，AEL晶振公司和Abracon公司擁有共同的客戶服務核心價值觀、無與倫比的頻率控制產品系列和可靠的聲譽。我們期待將這些原則引入歐洲市場。”
Abracon將積極支持AEL產品線的整合，以及客戶所熟知的卓越客戶服務和可靠性。
In the world of electronics, crystal oscillators are indispensable components. They're found in everything from consumer electronics to telecommunications equipment, providing the precision timing necessary for these devices to operate correctly. But a question that often arises is: Are crystal oscillators polarized? Let's delve into this, while also discussing what a crystal oscillator does and its main advantages.
A crystal oscillator is an electronic device that uses the mechanical resonance of a physical crystal of piezoelectric material to create an electrical signal with a very precise frequency. This frequency is used to keep track of time, as in quartz wristwatches, to provide a stable clock signal for digital integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio transmitters and receivers.
The crystal, usually quartz, oscillates or vibrates at a specific frequency when voltage is applied. This vibration is then converted back into a voltage at the same frequency, creating an incredibly stable and consistent signal that can be used for timing purposes.
Polarity refers to the electrical property of having two oppositely charged poles - one positive and one negative. Components that are polarized must be connected in a certain way to function properly. However, crystal oscillators are not polarized. They can be connected in any orientation and will still function as expected.
The reason for this lies in how crystal oscillators work. The piezoelectric crystal within the oscillator vibrates when voltage is applied, regardless of the direction of that voltage. As such, there's no 'right' or 'wrong' way to connect a crystal oscillator – it will function correctly as long as it's properly connected to the circuit.
Crystal oscillators offer several key advantages that make them widely used across various applications:
1. High Stability: Crystal oscillators generate signals with excellent frequency stability and precision, making them ideal for tasks that require accurate timing.
2. Wide Frequency Range: These oscillators can generate signals over a wide range of frequencies, providing flexibility for different applications.
3. Low Power Consumption: Due to their design, crystal oscillators consume relatively low power, which is beneficial for battery-operated devices.
4. Durability: Crystal oscillators are highly durable and resistant to environmental changes such as temperature and humidity fluctuations.遙遙領先加高晶體振蕩器極化有何影響?
In conclusion, while crystal oscillators are not polarized, their role in providing precise and stable timing signals is crucial in the realm of electronics. With their high stability, wide frequency range, low power consumption, and durability, it's no surprise that crystal oscillators are a cornerstone of modern electronic devices.
晶體振蕩器是極化的嗎？
在電子領域，石英晶體振蕩器是不可或缺的元件。從消費電子產品到電信設備，它們無處不在，為這些設備的正確運行提供必要的精確計時。但是經常出現的一個問題是:晶體振蕩器是極化的嗎？讓我們深入研究這一點，同時討論晶體振蕩器的作用及其主要優勢。
領先同行高加音頻晶體打開沉浸感的新維度，Unleashing the Power of Audio Crystals: Elevating Your Sound Experience
Introduction
In the realm of audio technology, a fascinating innovation has emerged - audio crystals. These remarkable crystals have revolutionized the way we perceive and experience sound. In this blog post, we will explore the enchanting world of audio crystals, delving into their capabilities, benefits, and how they have transformed our audio landscape.
Understanding Audio Crystals
Audio crystals are specialized components that possess unique properties for enhancing sound quality. These crystals are meticulously engineered to resonate at specific frequencies, allowing them to optimize audio performance across various devices and settings. By harnessing the inherent properties of these crystals, audio engineers can unlock the full potential of sound reproduction.
The Science Behind Audio Crystals
Audio crystals operate on the principle of piezoelectricity. This phenomenon occurs when certain crystals generate an electric charge under mechanical stress, such as when subjected to vibrations or pressure. By strategically incorporating these crystals into audio systems, the vibrations caused by sound waves can be efficiently converted into electrical signals, resulting in clearer, more immersive sound reproduction.
Benefits of Audio Crystals
The integration of audio crystals brings about several noteworthy benefits:
The Future of Audio Crystals
As technology continues to advance, the potential of audio crystals is boundless. With ongoing research and development, we can expect even further advancements in sound reproduction, leading to more refined audio experiences for enthusiasts and professionals alike. The integration of audio crystals into emerging technologies, such as virtual reality and augmented reality, holds exciting possibilities for immersive audio in the future.
In conclusion, audio crystals have emerged as a game-changing innovation in the world of audio technology. By harnessing their unique properties, we can unlock new dimensions of sound quality and immersion. As we continue to explore the endless possibilities of audio crystals, one thing is certain - the future of sound has never sounded brighter.
釋放音頻晶體的力量:提升您的聲音體驗
介紹
在音頻技術領域，一項引人入勝的創新出現了——音頻晶體。這些非凡的晶體徹底改變了我們感知和體驗聲音的方式。在這篇博文中，我們將探索音頻晶體的迷人世界，深入了解它們的功能、優勢，以及它們如何改變了我們的音頻格局。
了解音頻晶體
音頻晶體是一種特殊的部件，具有增強音質的獨特性能。這些壓電石英晶體經過精心設計，可在特定頻率下共振，從而優化各種設備和設置的音頻性能。通過利用這些晶體的固有特性，音頻工程師可以釋放聲音再現的全部潛力。
音頻晶體背后的科學
音頻晶體根據壓電原理工作。當某些晶體在機械應力下產生電荷時，例如受到振動或壓力時，就會出現這種現象。通過戰略性地將這些晶體融入音頻系統，聲波引起的振動可以有效地轉換為電信號，從而實現更清晰、更身臨其境的聲音再現。
領先同行思佳訊有源晶振支持5G部署，加州歐文。-(商業資訊)-Skyworks解決方案公司。(Nasdaq: SWKS)今天宣布推出新的網絡同步解決方案產品組合，其中包括NetSync時鐘集成電路器件的Si551x和Si540x系列以及Skyworks的accu time IEEE 1588軟件。每個有源晶振產品系列都旨在滿足移動運營商和設備供應商對5G前端網絡的要求。精確的時間同步對于超可靠的網絡運行至關重要，并為未來的增強鋪平了道路，包括超可靠的低延遲通信(URLLC)和協調多點接入(CoMP)，使5G能夠支持自動駕駛汽車、工廠自動化、遠程醫療和其他新興應用。
“Skyworks數十年的專業知識和專利定時技術使該公司能夠提供一流的性能、集成度和可靠性，并具有超低抖動DSPLL®MultiSynth“任意頻率”時鐘合成架構馬克·湯普森，高級副總裁兼混合信號解決方案事業部總經理Skyworks。“這項技術允許將多種時鐘和同步功能集成到一個OSC晶振器件中，從而降低功耗和印刷電路板空間，同時簡化高頻設計。Skyworks一直與恩智浦半導體和AMD等合作伙伴合作，推動面向公共和私有無線網絡市場的5G解決方案。"
“專注于支持O-RAN 5G解決方案的生態系統，使客戶能夠快速將產品推向市場，恩智浦利用其Layerscape多核處理器和基于Layerscape Access可編程處理器的硬件功能實現1588時序同步，并將其與Skyworks提供的生態系統解決方案相結合，”表示塔里克·布斯塔米恩智浦半導體網絡邊緣高級副總裁兼總經理。“我們與Skyworks提供強大的生態系統解決方案，滿足不斷發展的5G網絡的嚴格要求。"
“Skyworks Si551x和Si540x產品是我們片上系統(SoC)解決方案的理想伴侶，包括我們針對5G RRU、波束成形前端和vDU的RFSoC DFE和Versal平臺，”表示邁克·維索利克數據中心營銷總監通信集團在AMD。“AccuTime軟件在我們內置的ARM處理器子系統上運行，并利用片上ip，讓客戶擁有真正集成的同步解決方案。”
其他產品信息:
Skyworks的Si551x和Si540x定時解決方案符合所有相關的電信標準，包括ITU-T G.826x/G.827x、IEEE 1588-2008/2019和O-RAN WG4，能夠實現跨網絡的穩定可靠的同步。這些新產品正在生產中，現已提供樣片和評估套件。領先同行思佳訊有源晶振支持5G部署.
Abracon ClearClockTM晶體振蕩器系列解決方案，由于不斷增加的時鐘抖動，系統設計者面臨著與參考時鐘抖動相關的基本挑戰需要更小的形狀因子：隨著參考振蕩器內石英晶體的尺寸減小，保持優異rms抖動性能的能力變得具有挑戰性。隨著不斷的需求無論是系統的整體尺寸還是功能，設計者都在尋找滿足最佳要求的參考時鐘小尺寸收斂和抖動性能。
從一開始，Abracon就專注于始終如一地實現這種融合以微型形狀因子生產超低均方根抖動時鐘解決方案。2018年，Abracon推出了兩款ClearClockTM系列下的解決方案，5x3.2mm和5x7mm封裝的AX5和AX7系列有源晶體振蕩器，分別地這些設備基于復雜的PLL技術，如圖1所示卓越的均方根抖動性能–通常在載波12kHz至20MHz范圍內優于150fs。
在上述PLL方法中，采用了一些技術來提高相位噪聲的限制檢測器底板，使相位噪聲斜率提高了收斂性——進一步遠離載波。AX5和AX7設備經過優化，可滿足50MHz和2.1GHz載波之間的市場需求頻率。這些設備可以配置為之前指定的Abracon的生產設施。憑借提供業界領先的頻率上限的能力，AX5和AX7解決方案非常適合需要大于200MHz時鐘的應用參考.
Abracon進一步認識到，對需要100至200MHz時鐘的客戶的需求日益增長與基于PLL的AX5和AX7設備相比，具有更小形狀因數的解決方案。這些要求是通常以PCI Express（PCIe）、光收發器、數據存儲和網絡設計為中心。
作為回應，Abracon推出了第三泛音ClearClockTM OSC振蕩器解決方案：AK2、AX3、AK5和AK7系列這些設備使用更安靜的架構，實現卓越的超低均方根抖動性能和業界領先的微型封裝能效.
例如，2.5x2.0x1.0mm AK2 ClearClockTM提供盡可能低的外形典型的均方根抖動性能為117fs@156.25MHz，LVDS輸出格式為+2.5V偏置在遠離載波的12kHz到20MHz帶寬上，最大保證抖動性能為200fs。（見圖2。）
AX3 ClearClockTM有源晶振采用3.2 x 2.5 x 1.0 mm封裝，可提供低于80fs的典型均方根抖動在156.25MHz載波上，LVPECL輸出格式的+3.3V偏置。（參見上一頁的圖3。）
第三泛音設備性能的秘訣在于其架構的簡單性。精心設計第三泛音晶體空白，連同所需載波信號的適當捕獲，確保在感興趣的載波上具有出色的均方根抖動性能。
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